Blood samples were tested for Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) from 75 patients visiting
the OPD at Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal from 1st August 2010 to 30th October 2010. In the total sample of
75, 49 (65.3%) were male, 26 (34.7%) were female. The age range from 23 to 81 years the mean ± SD of age was found
to be 54.81 ±12.287. The mean ± SD of HbA1c was found to be 7.43 ± 2.324 and for fasting blood sugar the mean ± SD
was found to be 155.91 ± 67.931. Pearson correlation between fasting blood sugar and HbA1c was found to be (r= 0.683),
which indicates the strong and positive correlations and the P value for these variables was (P<0.01 i.e. 0.000000000153),
which was significant. Taken together our cross sectional study demonstrates that the HbA1c has a very good correlation
with FBG level.
The term Diabetes Mellitus (DM) describes a metabolic disorder
of multiple etiology characterized by chronic hyperglycemia
with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein
metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin
action, or both. Several distinct types of DM exist and are
caused by a complex interaction of genetics, environmental
factors, and life-style choices. Depending on the etiology of
the DM, factors contributing to hyperglycemia may include
reduced insulin secretion, decreased glucose utilization, and
increased glucose production. The effects of diabetes mellitus
include long-term damage, dysfunction and failure of
various organs. The long–term effects of diabetes mellitus include
progressive development of the specific complications
of retinopathy with potential blindness, nephropathy that
may lead to renal failure, and/or neuropathy with risk of foot
ulcers, amputation, Charcot joints, and features of autonomic
dysfunction, including sexual dysfunction. People with diabetes
are at increased risk of cardiovascular, peripheral vascular
and cerebrovascular disease.
The burden of type 2 diabetes has a rising trend in the world.
The worldwide prevalence of diabetes among general population
was estimated at 150 millions in 1995, and this is projected
to increase to 300 million by 2025 [4]. Developing countries
such as most of the Asian countries are experiencing an
accelerated rate in this issue. It is estimated that about
one third of people with type 2 diabetes might be undiagnosed
until the complications are developed.
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