Tuesday 27 February 2018

Earwax Phenotype Related to A Risk Factor of Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

                                                            mathewsopenaccess.com


It has be known that ventilatory dysfunction of the eustachian tube and ear gas exchange failure in the middle ear are extrinsic factors in middle ear cholesteatoma. However, the relationship between human genes such as intrinsic factor and middle ear cholesteatoma are not well understood. Human earwax shows wet and dry types. Yoshiura reported that one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the human ATP-binding cassette C11 (ABCC11) could be a determinant of the human ear wax type. The G/G and G/A genotypes correspond to wet earwax, whereas. The A/A genotype corresponds to dry earwax. Ishikawa demonstrated the allele frequencies of wet earwax with alleleG (Gly180) and dry earwax with alleleA (Arg 180) among different ethnic populations. Africans and Europeans showed a high frequency of 80-100% wet earwax. I n contrast, east Asians (Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Mongolian) showed a low frequency of 0-30%. The incidence of middle ear cholesteatoma in Europeans with a high frequency of wet earwax was higher than in Japanese with a low frequency of wet earwax. Therefore, wet considered that the earwax phenotype could be related to middle ear cholesteatoma in Japan.

The earwax phenotype of 40 patients with middle ear cholesteatoma were decided earwax in healthy side and distant location from cholesteatoma by inspection. (Figure1). The present research was approved by the Juntendo University Committee for the Ethical Issues of human genome.

In Table1, the frequencies of dry earwax and wet earwax were 62.5% (25/40) and 37.5% (15/40), respectively. The incidence of cases with bilateral middle ear cholesteatoma (including past history of surgery for middle ear cholesteatoma) in the group with wet earwax was 66.7% (10 /15), which was significantly higher than in the dry earwax group, 24.0% (6/25) P < 0.05. Clinically advance grades of middle ear cholesteatoma showed no difference between dry earwax cases and wet earwax cases. 

1 comment:

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