The cancer is the second cause of death in the world; in 2015,
almost one of the six deaths stemmed from this illness, also
it is foreseen that the number of new cases increases 70 % in
the next 20 years.
Chemotherapy is one of the treatments used to fight cancer
disease. This treatment causes numerous side effects that
most patients experience once arrived at his home and that
are shared with relatives who suffer indirectly, especially
those who have assumed the role of primary caregivers. Some
common side effects from chemotherapy are fatigue, nausea,
vomiting, hair loss, pain etc. There have been numerous studies
on the experiences of cancer patients in chemotherapy
treatment although there are few who analyze this situation
and face closest to sick relatives.
Cancer is a chronic disease that involves many changes in the
life of the individual and has an impact not only for the affected,
but also for your environment. Often throughout the
process a whole problems associated with the disease develop
anxiety disorders or depression, high levels of suffering,
somatic discomfort and even psychosocial impairment.
Even
when the patient who receives the physical consequences of
this disease and its treatment, psychosocial consequences affect
the entire family. Programs of palliative care are started that whose target is to
provide quality of life to the patient with an illness portencialmente
mortal as it is the cancer and the family that takes care
of it; as he recognizes the WHO in the 67th World Assembly
of the Health in 2014 “the palliative care constitutes an exposition that allows to improve the quality of life of the patients
(adults and children) and its relatives when they confront the
problems inherent in a potentially mortal illness, exposition
that materializes in the prevention and the mitigation of the
suffering by means of the precocious detection and the correct
evaluation and therapy of the pain and other problems,
be already this of physical, psychosocial order or spiritual.
The family usually provides the patient the main support, but
at the same time supports a high level of physical and especially
emotional overload. Some studies show that the prevalence
of emotional disorders (mainly anxiety and depression)
is practically the same in relatives of patients than in those
affected, reaching patients considered “second order”. Not all
are suitable coping mechanisms so emotional disturbances
are frequent and adopting health habits sometimes harmful
to combat stress.
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